By Yoshifumi Takemoto and Leika Kihara
TOKYO (Reuters) -Core consumer prices in Japan's capital, a leading indicator of nationwide inflation, rose 2.8% in September from a year earlier, exceeding the central bank's 2% target for a fourth straight month and marking the biggest gain since 2014.
The data reinforced market expectations that nationwide core consumer inflation will approach 3% in coming months and may cast doubt on the Bank of Japan's view that recent cost-push price increases will prove temporary.
The Tokyo core consumer price index (CPI), which includes oil products but excludes fresh food prices, was in line with a median market forecast and followed a 2.6% gain in August. It matched a 2.8% gain in June 2014.
Prices rose for a wide range of goods and services from electricity bills and chocolate to sushi and hotel bills, the Tuesday data showed, indicating that more firms were passing on rising raw material costs to households.
"The data showed price rises were broadening. We'll likely see core consumer inflation exceed 3% in October," said Takeshi Minami, chief economist at Norinchukin Research Institute.
"There's still a strong possibility inflation will gradually moderate next year due to peaking energy costs and the chance consumers won't be able to swallow further price hikes."
The data is among key factors the BOJ will scrutinise when it produces fresh quarterly growth and inflation forecasts at its next policy-setting meeting on Oct. 27-28. The nationwide CPI data for September is due on Oct. 21.
BOJ Governor Haruhiko Kuroda has pledged to keep policy ultra-loose despite the recent rise in inflation, which he sees as driven by temporary factors rather than strong consumption.
But signs of broadening price rises prompted some BOJ policymakers to warn last month that inflation may overshoot expectations, highlighting the challenge Kuroda faces in justifying ultra-low interest rates.
The BOJ's dovish stance, which makes it an outlier among a wave of central banks raising rates to combat rising inflation, has pushed the yen to 24-year lows and inflated the cost of importing already expensive fuel and raw material.
With inflation hurting his popularity, Prime Minister Fumio Kishida on Tuesday pledged to compile a spending package to cushion the blow from rising living costs.
But analysts doubt whether the government can keep offsetting the pain from higher inflation with fiscal spending.
"If another big spending package boosts demand, Japan will be importing more goods from overseas. That in turn will accelerate the yen's decline," said Hideo Kumano, chief economist at Dai-ichi Life Research Institute in Tokyo.
"The BOJ's current sanguine approach toward inflation could come under fire if rising prices continue to hurt Kishida's approval ratings," he said.
While the BOJ is set to keep interest rates ultra-low, the pace of its money printing is slowing in a sign the central bank is quietly phasing out Kuroda's radical stimulus programme.
Japan's monetary base, or the amount of cash circulating in the economy, fell 3.3% in September from a year earlier to mark the first year-on-year decline since April 2012, data showed on Tuesday.
The drop highlights a turning point in Kuroda's quantitative easing programme deployed in 2013, which aimed at firing up inflation to his 2% target with heavy money-printing.