By Marcela Ayres
BRASILIA (Reuters) -Brazil's Senate on Tuesday approved President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's nominee to lead the central bank, Gabriel Galipolo, who emphasized to lawmakers that the leftist leader was emphatic and clear in guaranteeing him freedom in decision-making.
Regarded as a heterodox economist with direct access to Lula, Galipolo is currently the central bank's director of monetary policy. He has sought to ease market concerns about his potential for leniency on inflation if pressured by the president.
Speaking at a Senate committee hearing, where his nomination to lead the bank starting next year was approved unanimously, Galipolo reiterated commitment to pursuing a 3% inflation target and noted that policymakers were concerned about unanchored expectations for consumer prices.
"It is up to the central bank to pursue this goal unequivocally by maintaining interest rates at a restrictive level for as long as necessary to achieve it," he said.
Later on Tuesday, Galipolo's nomination was approved by the full Senate with a vote of 66 to 5.
During the hearing, Galipolo acknowledged that Brazil's annual core inflation is on par with that of more stable countries like the U.S, while noting that Latin America's largest economy is not decelerating, which is why disinflation should be slower and more costly.
Galipolo said that while current data such as inflation and labor market figures are important, the central bank's focus is on a longer-term horizon.
"There is unanchoring (of inflation) in the relevant horizon that bothers us," he said, referring to a variable that economists view as indicative of a potential acceleration in the pace of interest rate hikes.
Galipolo, along with the entire rate-setting board Copom, voted last month to kick off a tightening cycle, raising interest rates by 25 basis points to 10.75%.
Before the decision, when his nomination was already public, Lula said of policymakers: "If they need to hike interest rates, then they need to hike interest rates."
The remark was viewed as a shift following ongoing calls for lower borrowing costs to support the economy and investment.
Brazil's annual inflation in mid-September reached 4.12%, while expectations of private economists surveyed weekly by the central bank are for inflation to hit 4.38% this year, 3.97% next year and 3.60% in 2026, all above the official target.
MARKET SKEPTICISM
Galipolo's connection to Lula, with whom he was in Mexico last week for President Claudia Sheinbaum's inauguration, has raised skepticism among many market participants since he was first tapped for a central bank position last year.
Galipolo previously served as the Finance Ministry's executive secretary under Lula, and has been the bank's monetary policy director since July 2023.
Markets initially voiced concern about his perceived lack of technical expertise and views on issues such as the need for state intervention to prioritize social needs and the suggestion that the central bank could act across the entire yield curve.
Galipolo has since overcome initial resistance to succeed current Governor Roberto Campos Neto, appointed by former right-wing President Jair Bolsonaro. Neto has faced vocal criticism from Lula since the president took office in January 2023.
Jefferson Laatus, chief strategist at the Laatus group, said market worries will not cease immediately. "We will only know for sure about it in January, at the first meeting that will actually take place with him as governor," he said.
Asked about financial autonomy of the central bank, a proposal opposed by the Lula administration but supported by Campos Neto, Galipolo said the current discussion marks a "significant advance."