S&P 500 Forcefully Pulled Back to Range: 10 Charts Explaining Last Week's Action

Published 02/24/2025, 01:21 AM

This week: back in the range, bad news, bad noise, souring sentiment, soaring leverage, divergences, imbalances, better investments, margin debt risk flag.

Learnings and conclusions from this week’s charts:

  • The range trade continues (+breadth shows regime shift).

  • Markets have been underperforming around the weekend.

  • Bad news/noise is damaging investor sentiment.

  • 2020 marked a multi-pronged shift in market behavior.

  • Growth stocks are more concentrated, Value more diversified.

Overall, the range trade continues — upside pushes are being limited as sentiment shifts to a more lukewarm-bearish tone under the onslaught of ongoing bad news/noise. And that’s set against a backdrop of a very concentrated and overvalued stock market. I don’t think it gets any easier from here.

1. Back in the Range

To misquote that famous line, “just when I thought I was out (of the range trade), they pull me back in”. Just when everyone thought it was back to new all-time highs and onwards and upwards, Friday slammed us back into the range trade. And looking at the 200-day moving average breadth indicator in the chart below you can see that late-last year there was a regime shift from relatively strong unbothered uptrend to now much weaker, wishy-washy, and ranging. Not a sign of strength.S&P 500 Index ChartSource: MarketCharts

2. Bad News

You might call this one a visual representation of the Trump trade.

The frenzied pace of action by the new admin — especially over the weekends, has meant a lot of de-risking into the end of the week (no one wants to hold when any number of pronouncements can happen, not to mention tense geopolitics).

You also often see reactions to the latest weekend news at the start of the week, and only back to just-keep-buying mid-week. The upside? maybe this calms down later if you take the view Trump and team are front-loading their work programS&P Returns in 2025Source: @RyanDetrick

3. Bad Noise

Here’s another angle on it I’d previously chucked this file into my archives folder as I thought it was a barely useful chart, but I think the latest readings illustrate things quite well. This indicator combines the signal from the economic surprise index and policy uncertainty index (inverted) — basically the lower it is the more economic policy uncertainty there is and/or the worse economic data is vs forecast. This bad noise appears to be weighing on markets.US Economic Noise Index vs S&P 500Source: Topdown Charts

4. Sentiment Souring

And it’s certainly showing up in sentiment with the slump in bullishness and surge in bearishness. The optimistic take is that this is good because it’s like a stealth correction and healthy reset. The pessimistic take is that this is one of those turning points that happens slowly at first and then all of a sudden.Bullish/Bearish Surveyed SentimentSource: Topdown Charts Professional

5. Lighter Leveraged Trading

Another sign of shifting sentiment is the steady decline in the prevalence of trading in leveraged long vs short ETFs. While people aren’t rushing to place bearish bets yet, you can clearly see waning enthusiasm for making new large leveraged bullish bets.Leveraged ETF Trading - Long vs ShortSource: Topdown Charts

6. But Still Heavy Leverage

That’s the flow, here’s the stock — even with that tapering of bullishness, the extant leveraged long positioning is historic, and bear funds are barely holding on (contrarians take note).US Equity ETF AUMSource: Topdown Charts Professional

7. The 2020 Effect

Another divergence —I thought this one interesting because yeah there’s an obvious bearish warning element to it, but also it appears as though 2020 was this paradigmatic peripeteia (on many fronts!).

That divergence marked a tipping point acceleration in the rise of tech; culminating in the more recent AI-hype bull, but also marked a new phase in experimental monetary policy with the unprecedented large-scale global stimulus measures of 2020/21, and associated awakening the spirit of speculative greed (crypto, NFTs, SPACs, and so-on) which still seems to be alive and well.Truck Tonnage Index vs S&P 500 IndexSource: @ISABELNET_SA

8. Market Cap Mismatch

To echo those points, you can also kind of see this playing out here with US equities global market cap share weighting surging from 2020 —meanwhile its earnings share/weighting did rise too, but not nearly as much. This also indirectly highlights the risk in US equities (and opportunity in Global ex-US as valuation imbalances reach historic extremes).US Share of Global Equity Market

Source: @MikeZaccardi

9. Rare Growth

Another interesting angle on US markets is how undiversified things are becoming, especially on the growth side — the chart below shows the Russell 1000 growth index down to a record low 394 names mid last year, while the Value index at a record high 871 (much more diversified).

As for concentration within that, “the top 10 weights of the Russell 1000 Growth Index comprise 61.0% of the index, compared to the Russell 1000 Value Index at 17.2%.” Stark stuff.Russell 1000 Growth and Value Index ConstituentsSource: SnippetFinance Glenmede IM

10. Always Something Better

Lastly, I thought this was an interesting way of looking at things — basically you can always find an asset that will outperform your portfolio at once both a reminder to have a process to try and find those assets, but also not to get too swept up in FOMO as there will always be a better-missed opportunity to your best-found ones (so don’t let it rob your equanimity).

Portfolio Assets

Source: Matteo Lombardo Mr. Market Miscalculates

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